Even though his filmography includes over 35
titles, filmmaker and activist Pat Rocco often gets a short shrift as a pioneer
in gay adult film. At best, he’s treated as a footnote, film historians giving
him a brief nod as they rush ahead to discuss Wakefield Poole’s Boys in the
Sand or Fred Halsted’s L.A. Plays Itself. I don’t recall hearing
about him until a few years ago, when I learned of his existence on the Ask
Any Buddy podcast. Once upon a time, Rocco had a fan base so devoted to his work
that it spawned a performing arts collective, the Society of Pat Rocco
Enlightened Enthusiasts (SPREE), yet as of this writing, Rocco doesn’t even
have a Wikipedia page, though he is name-checked in Wikipedia’s gay pornography entry.
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Pat Rocco introduces himself to gay porn stars Spencer Reed (left) and Jasper St. John ahead of the 2010 GAYVN Awards. |
Rocco may not get
his due, but he’s not entirely forgotten. Two movies, the 2021 documentary PAT
ROCCO DARED and the 2024 Blu-ray of Rocco’s 1974 film DRIFTER, provide an ideal
introduction to the director’s work and his legacy.
The title of director
Morris Chapdelaine and Bob Christie’s documentary is a riff on the title of
Rocco’s 1969 film Pat
Rocco Dares, though I really wish Chapdelaine and Christie had
titled the doc Cock Danglers, which is what gay activist and writer JimKepner labeled Rocco’s work. Rest assured, however, that you will see plenty of
dangling cocks throughout the documentary.
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Some of the cocks, like this one featured in Rocco’s descriptively titled Reclining Cowboy, aren’t so dangly. |
Rocco died in 2018
at age 84, but queer filmmaker and one-time star of Dante’s Cove Charlie
David (who’s got a Wikipedia
page, BTW) was fortunate to spend a few days with Rocco and his camera-shy
partner David Ghee in 2017 at their memento-packed home in Hawaii. Though his
health was failing, Rocco, dressed in a requisite Hawaiian shirt and sporting a toupee
that just doesn’t want to stay glued to his head, is more than happy to let
Chapdelaine, Christie and narrator David into his home to talk about his past. Rocco
is less interested in discussing his present. When David asks Rocco about
recent health problems (a heart attack, three strokes, failing vision), the director
gently shuts down this line of questioning. “Oh, I don’t want to go into all of
that. Let’s just talk about the good things.”
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Filmmaker Charlie David (left) with Pat Rocco (right) and his partner David Ghee (center) in 2017. |
Talking about “the
good things” means the documentary primarily focuses on Rocco’s films—the one’s
he admits to making, at least.
Pat Rocco Dared quickly gets through the filmmaker's biography: Brooklyn born Pasquale Vincent Serrapica, later raised in Los Angeles, initially pursued a singing
career, performing on radio shows and musicals in the 1950s under the stage
name Pat Rocco, and even spent three years performing on
The
Tennessee Earnie Ford Show. Rocco, who says he realized he was gay as
early as 12 or 13 years old, is described as out during this time, though it’s
clear there’s a distinction between being
out and being
open.
Rocco talks of his first sexual experience as a teenager being with an older
man giving him a ride, and that he had a boyfriend in high school, confessing
to David that this documentary might be the first time he’s ever discussed
either of these things.
It was in the late
1960s, when he answered an ad for a still photographer, that Rocco made the
move into filmmaking. “I took along an 8mm movie camera with me, and I’d shoot
a little 8mm film when I shot the stills,” Rocco says. He soon started a mail
order business selling short films like Boy on the Run, which was made
“just to use up film and use this guy who had one particular attribute that I
knew the audience would like.”
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The “particular attribute” featured in Boy on the Run, which Rocco described as “fun nonsense—with a big dong.” |
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| Rocco in the arms of Rev. Troy Perry in the 1970s. |
Metropolitan
Community Church founder Rev. Troy Perry recounts his first
time seeing one of Rocco’s films in 1969. “It was the first time I’d ever seen
frontal nudes. People [said to] me years later, ‘Oh, he made pornography.’ I said he
never did. He made erotic movies under his name. Always, love was involved….
Even the bedroom scenes weren’t anything I couldn’t show my mother.” Rev. Perry’s mom was a lot more chill than mine was. Rocco’s
brand of erotica, which has more in common with nudie cuties of the early 1960s, albeit a little more sexual and gay, seems rather quaint at a time when we have porn categories for
CBT, gaping and fisting, but the director did dare to take artistic chances. In one of his movies, “A Breath of Love,” featured in Pat Rocco Dares, performer Brian Reynolds dances
naked across an L.A. freeway, a stunt so outrageous that Rocco was asked to
re-stage it for a local TV news station. Another movie, Discovery, a
sweet story about two clean-cut young men who meet and fall for each other
while at Disneyland, was filmed on location, most assuredly without
permission. (“I broke every rule in the place,” Rocco says.) Though the nude
scenes were filmed in the woods of Los Angeles’ Griffith Park, this distinction
was not enough to keep Disney off Rocco’s ass, the company also pissed that Rocco scored his film with Disney’s music (unlicensed, of course).
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Ballet down the freeway: Brian Reynolds makes the morning a whole lot more interesting for commuters in 1969. |
“What eventually
happened is they [Disney] didn’t want a bigger thing made out of it by giving
great big publicity on this film,” Rocco explains. “So, they say, ‘You take that
film out of circulation, never let it be seen again. You’re also banned for life
from Disneyland.’” This documentary is likely the only time scenes from Discovery
have been seen since the movie was made in 1969, though David makes a point of informing viewers that different music had to be used in the documentary to avoid getting slapped with a lawsuit from Disney.
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In the Pat Rocco tradition: The Game (1970), a film made by members of SPREE. |
The documentary
only mentions SPREE in passing. Rocco said he merely gave his blessing to the
fan who dreamt up the organization, un-named in the documentary; Dick Winters
according to another
source. While Rocco downplays his involvement in the group, alternate accounts
and online scans of SPREE’s newsletters suggest the group did not operate
entirely independent of Rocco during its 10 years of existence.
Rocco didn’t
restrict his filmmaking to romantic, nudity-filled fantasies. He used his
platform for activism as well, documenting protests, police raids and other
events affecting L.A.’s gay community. His 1970 film, Signs of Protest,
covers a protest that erupted in front of the West Hollywood restaurant Barney’s
Beanery, infamous for its sign behind the bar reading “Fagots [sic]–Stay Out!” (bigots never proofread). Rocco, acting as news reporter, interviews people
participating in the protest (including author Joseph Hansen, a.k.a. James
Colton) and patrons in the restaurant, even getting a comment from Barney’s
daughter, who doesn’t seem to understand what the fuss is all about. The sign
wasn’t taken down permanently until 1984, and then only when activists and the
city council stormed the restaurant and removed it themselves.
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Rocco documented the LAPD raid of a gay nightclub in his film Meat Market Arrest (1970). From left: Nude dancer Bob Philpot, attorney Walter Culpepper and Pat Rocco. |
Rocco also filmed
L.A.’s first gay Pride parade. “That really set us apart from New York,” Perry
says. “New York’s was a march. Ours (Los Angeles’s) was a parade.” Rocco
took an even more active role in the mid-1970s when he became president of the
Christopher Street West Association, organizing the L.A. Pride parade and
adding a carnival as part of the celebration.
An ‘Honest Look’ at a 35-Year-Old Hustler
Rocco didn’t direct
many feature length films. Pat Rocco Dared highlights 1977’s Silent
No More, about a man’s struggles to get his homophobic father to accept his
homosexuality and his boyfriend, but it isn’t even included on the IMDb pages for either Rocco or the movie’s star Michael Kearns and forget finding a copy on Blu-ray.
It’s like the movie is locked away with Discovery, with only the few
scenes featured in Pat Rocco Dared seeing the light of day. Luckily, one
of Rocco’s other feature-length efforts, Drifter (a.k.a. Two-Way
Drift), was resurrected on Blu-ray by Kino Lorber.
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| Drift sparkles like a teen vampire. |
Shot for $50,000
in 1969 but not released until 1974 by porn studio Jaguar Productions after it was
rejected by the major studios and indie outfits like American International Pictures (I’d love to see the executives’ faces during the screening), Drifter
is Rocco’s take on Midnight Cowboy. The story centers on a bisexual hustler going by—what
else?—Drift, who as played by Joed Adair, is at once a naïve dreamer, a
cynical pro and/or a hapless victim of circumstance. It just depends on the
scene. In the opening scene, however, Drift is shown to be kind of rapey as he
tries to force himself onto Steve (David Russell, who may be wearing a wig), a
young man who picked up Drift hitchhiking in Arizona. (An alternate read of
this scene, and the one I think was intended, is Drift trying to initiate sex
only to be violently rejected by a horrified Steve).
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| Gino (Joseph Caruso) has a proposition. |
So, it’s back on the
road for Drift, who, after a bite to eat at Roy & Lorene’s Diner, hitches a
ride with Gino (Joseph Caruso, a.k.a. porn director Gorton Hall). Gino is more
than happy to give Drift a lift to Los Angeles, provided the lanky hitchhiker
understands it’s not a free ride. Drift spends the night at a motel with the portly Gino without protest or enthusiasm. As filmed, however, it looks like the
two men literally just sleep together. Maybe the guys got the sex out of the
way off camera earlier?
Once dropped off in
L.A., Drift goes from one encounter to the next. Drifting, if you will. After a
brief detour into an adult bookstore, Drift is chatted up by Wagner (Dean Shah-kee), who sort of
resembles the late Julian MacMahon during his Charmed era. Wagner doesn’t waste time
offering Drift a place to stay, at least for tonight. Wagner has a roommate but
assures Drift it’s not a problem. The roommate works nights, while Wagner
remains scarce during the day. Though Wagner is an upgrade from Gino—physically,
at least—Drift is surprisingly reluctant to whore himself out for shelter. Then
again, Drift’s resistance might have nothing to do with Wagner and more to do
with the fact that Wagner’s apartment is a depressing shithole.
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“C’mon Drift, join me. It’s more fun when there’s two.”: Drift about to make his rent payment. Notice Dean Shah-kee’s shadow on the left. |
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Drift meets Wagner's roommate, Klamath (Bambi Allen). |
Other encounters
include meeting Wagner’s roommate; having a meeting with Maxine (Ann Collins),
a bitchy “agent” Drift was referred to by Gino; and meeting Karen (Inga-Marie
Pinson), a pretty, young German woman he first encounters while on his way to
Maxine’s office. They meet again at the bus stop and then spend the rest of
the day together, planning to get together again after Karen is free from a
mysterious work obligation.
Throughout the
movie there are flashbacks to Drift’s past with Steven, scenes that further
confuse the nature of their relationship. The character of Steven obviously has a crush on Drift, yet he is also totally oblivious to Drift’s sexual signals. I’m usually slow on the uptake, but if one of my friends got naked and initiated a tickle fight, I think I would suspect he had something other than platonic rough housing in mind. The
intention may have been to portray Steven is a sheltered and inexperienced, but he
often just comes across as having a mental disability.
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| Not what it looks like. |
Perhaps Drift’s
most startling encounter—and the movie’s most cringeworthy scene—is with Dana
(Gerald Strickland, who would be right at home in a John Waters movie), on a
date that was arranged by Maxine. “Do you find me…
attractive?” Dana asks
in a gravelly purr, not realizing that this isn’t a question you should ask if
you’re not prepared for a negative answer. (“You’re OK,” is Drift’s tactful reply)
And then Dana changes
clothes.
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| Drift’s response: “What the hell?” |
As squirm-inducing as
Strickland’s performance is, it’s ultimately heartbreaking when Dana reveals he
plans to undergo gender reassignment surgery for reasons that seem only
partially rooted in gender dysphoria. In an unsettling close-up, Dana laments: “In
my world—the gay world—when you reach 50, love is not so easy to find. You’re
pretty much washed up. Through those young years, when so many are willing to
give, I kept myself hidden. I never let anyone know me. Well, I’ve stopped hiding
now. So, come on Drift, help me say good-by as a man and make me feel like a
woman.”
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Who is Drift’s sex show partner? You get one guess. |
The job that sends
Drift over the edge, however, is near the movie’s end, when Gino hires him as
entertainment for an all-male party. My first thought was Drift was being
set-up as a bottom for a gangbang, but Gino had something more refined in mind:
a live sex show. Drift is resigned to the job, until he sees his performance
partner. It turns out Drift is more than just kind of rapey, after all.
I’ll admit I went
into this one expecting to have a lot of fun at its expense, surprised to
discover that Drifter was not so easy to ridicule. While it shares many
similarities to The Light from the Second Story Window (also released by
Jaguar), such as a cast of SPREE members and clumsily trying to milk pathos
from its lurid story about a sex worker, Drifter is significantly less
ridiculous. Rocco’s movie is rough around the edges, hindered by its low-low
budget and a cast who, by and large, have calibrated their performances for the
stage instead of the big screen, but the director’s technical and storytelling proficiency manage to make Drifter almost seem like a real movie.
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Heterosexual mating rituals: Drift and Karen (Inga-Marie Pinson) have fun in the park. |
Drifter’s biggest weakness
is its star and writer, Joed Adair. Adair’s script, written under the name Edward
Middleton, based on his (unpublished) novel, might be Oscar-worthy in
comparison to David Allen’s Second Story Window, but it’s just as
self-serious, with an over-reliance on melodramatic—and often
self-pitying—monologues to sell us on the plight of its characters. As an
actor, Adair isn’t bad, he’s just miscast as a character whom we’re supposed to believe is under 35. I couldn’t accept Drift as a young innocent reluctantly selling his body when Adair looks like he should be rattling off a menu of sexual services and prices to potential tricks, reminding them that cash is required up front.
The
Parts Pat Rocco Dared Left Out
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The cover for Kino Cult’s Blu-ray release of Drifter. |
Making the
Drifter
Blu-ray an even greater value is its bonus features, which include four of
Rocco’s “cock danglers,” the Adair-starring
A Matter of Life among them.
Those wanting to learn more about Rocco will appreciate the commentary
track from film historian Finley Freibert, dry though it may be. While
Pat
Rocco Dared is a pleasant introduction to Rocco’s life and work, it’s too beholden to the narrative Rocco wants to tell (Rocco also produced the documentary), so it’s less a documentary and more a celebration of Pat Rocco. Among the parts
Pat
Rocco Dared leaves out:
- Before Rocco began taking photos and filming naked
men, he ran a theater in Moorpark, Calif. Joed Adair was one of his employees
at this time and the two men became close friends (possibly more), collaborating on theater productions. The two men ultimately had a falling out, though they later made up and made Drifter.
- Rocco later owned a coffeehouse/head shop called
Bizarre Bazaar that also showed campy old movies like Johnny Guitar. The fact that Rocco didn’t bother licensing the movies he showed ultimately landed him in hot water, contributing to the closure of Bizarre Bazaar.
- Though Pat Rocco Dared leaves viewers with
the impression that Pat Rocco never directed hardcore porn, he most
certainly did. Under the name Brad Kingston, Rocco directed several movies for gay
porn studio Jaguar Productions, including A
Deep Compassion and A
Dream of Body. He reportedly directed the sex scenes in The Light from the Second Story Window as well. Freibert explains these movies attracted the
attention of law enforcement, and that Rocco’s home was raided several times because of them. He and his business partners were even charged with conspiracy to commit oral
copulation and sodomy (the charges were later dropped). Rocco, not wanting to draw
any more police or FBI attention, later downplayed his hardcore work.
Some random facts
about Drifter and its cast:
- Joed Adair was born in Oklahoma and raised in Texas,
where he showed promise as an actor and dancer. In addition to Drifter,
he wrote scripts for the shorts A Matter of Life and Autumn Nocturne
and the feature Someone. He died in 2001.
- In addition to his part in Drifter, Dean
Shah-kee, who also went by the name Dean Chambers, worked as a crew member on
Rocco’s movies. His resume includes stints as a model, a dance instructor and a
cashier at a gay porn theater.
- Like Shah-kee, Gerald Strickland was in the porn
peddling business, working as a cashier for Woody’s Adult Books, owned by Jaguar
Films co-founder Woody Daniel (the store is featured in Drifter).
He was later second in command at Jaguar. Strickland died the same year Drifter
was released.
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| Product placement. |
- SPREE member Bambi Allen, who plays Klamath, was
also in Pat Rocco Dared. She had small parts in numerous grindhouse
movies, including The Fabulous Bastard from Chicago, Terror at Orgy
Castle and Hell’s Bloody Devils. She died of cancer before Drifter
was released.
- Drifter was supposed to be Jaguar Films’ crossover
into the mainstream (?), but the film, which barely counts as softcore, was only shown at gay porn theaters alongside decidedly hardcore fare like Fred Halsted’s Sextool. Gay porn theaters are not typically a gateway to mainstream success and consequently Drifter was a box office failure.